Which artist is most closely associated with the Dada movement?

Marcel Duchamp is most closely associated with the Dada movement because he was a pivotal figure in its development and philosophy. Dada emerged as a reaction to the horrors of World War I and represented a radical break from traditional art forms and conventions. Duchamp's approach challenged the established norms of what art could be, exemplified by his creation of "readymades"—ordinary manufactured objects presented as art. His famous piece, "Bicycle Wheel," disrupts the notion of artistic intent and the significance of the artist's hand in creating art.

Dada aimed to provoke thought and challenge the status quo, and Duchamp embodied this spirit of anti-art. His works often incorporated absurdity and satire, which were key elements of the Dada movement. This commitment to exploring ideas beyond the conventional creative processes solidifies Duchamp's association with Dada, making him a central figure whose influence can still be seen in contemporary art discussions.