Which artist is associated with a unique portrayal of dramatic emotions through elongated forms?

The artist associated with a unique portrayal of dramatic emotions through elongated forms is El Greco. His distinctive style combines elements of Mannerism with his own innovative techniques, which often include the elongation of figures to emphasize their emotional and spiritual states. This elongation not only enhances the dramatic quality of his works but also creates a sense of movement and tension, allowing viewers to feel the intensity of the depicted emotions.

El Greco’s use of color and light further contributes to this effect, as he often employed vibrant hues and stark contrasts to draw attention to the figures' expressions and gestures. This combination of elongated forms and expressive color is particularly evident in works such as "The Disrobing of Christ," where the physicality of the figures is emphasized, delivering a powerful emotional impact that resonates with viewers.

The other artists mentioned, while significant in their own rights, do not share this same focus on elongated forms for emotional expression. Raphael is known for his balance and harmony in composition, Jan Vermeer for his detailed realism and use of light, and Pieter Bruegel for his narrative scenes and attention to everyday life. Each has a distinct style that contributes to the history of art, but none utilize elongated forms in the dramatic manner characteristic of El Greco