Which art movement began in the 1920s and focused on social and political messages?

The art movement that began in the 1920s and focused on social and political messages is Muralism. Muralism emphasizes the use of large-scale murals to convey important social themes and historical narratives. Originating in Mexico, this movement sought to reach a wide audience by depicting issues such as class struggle, revolution, and identity, directly engaging with the public in public spaces.

Muralists like Diego Rivera and David Alfaro Siqueiros used bold imagery and vibrant colors to highlight the lives of the working class and critique societal inequalities. Their work played a vital role in the cultural and political landscape, reflecting the people's struggles and aspirations.

While Impressionism is known for its focus on light and everyday subjects, and Expressionism emphasizes emotional experience rather than direct social commentary, Modernism generally encompasses various movements seeking to break away from tradition without a specific focus on social issues. Therefore, Muralism stands out as the movement dedicated to expressing social and political messages through art.