What was the original purpose of a basilica?

The original purpose of a basilica was as a Roman building specifically designed for public courts. These structures were typically large, rectangular buildings that served as venues for various public activities, including legal proceedings and civic gatherings. The architectural form of the basilica, characterized by a central nave flanked by aisles and often featuring an apse at one or both ends, was well-suited to accommodate large groups of people. This design facilitated not only court activities but also other societal functions, making the basilica an important part of Roman urban planning. Over time, the term "basilica" transitioned, especially in Christian contexts, to refer to churches, but its roots in Roman civic architecture highlight its initial significance in legal and public life.