What term is used for a quick sketch typically made by an artist?

The term that refers to a quick sketch typically made by an artist is "croquis." This term is derived from the French word meaning "sketch" or "drawing." Croquis sketches are often spontaneous and capture the essential form and movement of a subject, allowing artists to quickly represent their ideas and observations. It is a technique commonly used in figure drawing, where the artist aims to depict human figures in a short timeframe.

While "doodle" may refer to a casual or unconscious drawing, it lacks the focused intent and artistic purpose commonly associated with a croquis. Similarly, "thumbnail" sketches are small preliminary drawings that serve as a foundation for more detailed artwork, but they generally require more time and deliberation than a croquis. "Study" refers more broadly to a detailed examination or a drawing that explores specific aspects of a subject, typically involving more detailed observation and refinement than what is captured in a croquis. Thus, the usage of "croquis" best fits the description of a quick sketch made by an artist.