What is the process of creating a repeating pattern that covers a plane without gaps or overlaps?

The process of creating a repeating pattern that covers a plane without gaps or overlaps is known as tessellation. Tessellation involves arranging shapes in a way that they fit together perfectly, much like a puzzle, so that the overall surface is completely covered. This concept is not only prevalent in visual arts but also has applications in mathematics, architecture, and nature. The shapes used in tessellation can be regular, like squares and triangles, or irregular, as long as they can repeat seamlessly without any spaces in between.

In the context of visual arts, tessellations can be used in various forms of design, including mosaics and wallpapers, and can be found in the works of artists such as M.C. Escher, who famously explored complex and interlocking patterns. This technique emphasizes rhythm, unity, and movement in artwork, contributing to the overall composition and aesthetic appeal.

The other options—acrylic primer, halftone, and alkyd paint—relate to different concepts in art and design but do not pertain to the idea of creating a seamless repeating pattern. Acrylic primer is a preparatory coating for surfaces before painting, halftone refers to a technique for producing gradients and shading in printed images, and alkyd paint is a type