What innovation in the 1850s allowed for the construction of taller buildings?

The construction of taller buildings in the 1850s was significantly influenced by the development of safe passenger elevators. This innovation made it feasible for people to access upper floors of buildings comfortably and efficiently, alleviating the logistical challenges associated with height. Prior to the introduction of elevators, buildings were generally limited in height because it was impractical for occupants to climb multiple flights of stairs. Elevators revolutionized urban architecture by allowing for the design and construction of high-rise buildings, leading to the vertical growth of cities.

While other technologies and materials, such as steel frame construction and reinforced concrete, eventually contributed to building height and structural stability, the elevator had an immediate impact by changing how people interacted with multistory structures in the mid-19th century. Electric lighting also enhanced the usability of taller buildings but did not directly facilitate their construction or accessibility in the same way that elevators did.