What does the term 'prior knowledge' refer to in the context of learning?

The term 'prior knowledge' refers to the preexisting information that an individual possesses before they engage in new learning. In the context of education, this concept plays a significant role because it influences how new information is understood and integrated. Educators often assess students' prior knowledge to tailor instruction, connecting new topics to what students already know, which enhances learning and retention.

This foundational understanding enables learners to build upon their existing mental frameworks, making it easier to grasp complex concepts and retain information. Recognizing and activating prior knowledge can lead to deeper engagement, better comprehension, and ultimately, a more effective learning experience.