What does the term 'Plein Air' refer to in painting?

'Plein Air' refers to the practice of painting outdoors using natural light. This approach allows artists to observe and capture the full essence of their surroundings, including the colors, shadows, and atmospheric conditions that can change rapidly. The term originated in the mid-19th century, particularly associated with the Impressionist movement, where artists sought to depict the effects of light and atmosphere on landscapes and scenes directly from nature.

Painting outdoors presents unique challenges and benefits, such as the need to work quickly to capture fleeting light changes and the interaction with the external environment. This technique enhances the artist's ability to express spontaneity and a sense of immediacy in their works, differentiating it from studio painting, which can often involve a more controlled and planned approach. It encourages a direct engagement with the natural world, enriching the artist's perspective and skill.