During which period was a painter primarily considered a tradesman rather than an artist?

The medieval era was a time when painters were primarily viewed as tradesmen rather than artists in the modern sense. During this period, which lasted from around the 5th to the late 15th century, the role of the painter was often linked to guild structures, where they were seen as skilled laborers performing a craft. Art was largely commissioned for religious purposes, and the works were created according to the specifications and themes dictated by the church or other patrons, which reinforced the notion of artists as tradespeople skilled in their craft rather than creative individuals expressing personal vision.

In contrast, during the Renaissance (which followed the medieval era), there was a significant shift in how painters were perceived. They began to be regarded more as artists capable of individual expression and creativity, bridging the gap between technician and creator. The Baroque period continued this trend, with artists enjoying even more recognition. The Classical period, known for its emphasis on form and idealism, also contributed to the understanding of the artist as a high-status individual. Therefore, the medieval era distinctly marks the time when painters were largely seen as tradesmen rather than artists in the contemporary sense.